Research Guides

Two Authors: Include authors in the order they are presented in the work. Include a label such as editors or translators.

• Last Name, First Name, and First Name Last Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.

Three or More Authors: List the first listed author and et al.

• Last Name, First Name, et al. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.

• Corporation. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher, Publication Date.

When a work is published without an author’s name, do not list the author as Anonymous. Instead, skip the Author element and begin the entry with the work’s title.

Lazarillo de Tormes, Medina del Campo, 1554.

• Citing a specific volume:

Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes. 2^nd ed., vol. 1, Oxford UP, 2002.

• Citing the entire collection:

Welleck, René.  A history of Modern Criticism, 1750-1950. Yale UP, 1955-92. 8 vols.

Title.Version. Edited by First Name Last Name of Editor, Publisher, Year of publication.

For in-text citations, use (Title, Version or Editor, Chapter and verse)

Provide an entry in the works-cited list for the edition used. Names of scripture such as Bible, Talmud, and Koran are not italicized. Full and shortened titles of specific edition are italicized (The New Jerusalem Bible). Include divisions to identify chapters and verse numbers. 

Example: The New Jerusalem Bible. Henry Wansbrough, general editor, Doubleday, 1985.

• Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Periodical, Day Month Year, pages.

If the city of publication is not included in the name of a locally published newspaper, add the city, not italicized, in square brackets after the name.

Beecher, Thomas K. “Brother Anderson.” Herald and Presbyter [Cincinnati], 19 Sept. 1872, p.3.

You do not need to add the city of publication to the name of a nationally published newspaper (e.g., The Wall Street Journal, The Chronicle of Higher Education).

When a work is published without an author’s name, do not list the author as Anonymous. Instead, skip the Author element and begin the entry with the work’s title.

• Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages.

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• Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Special Edition, special issue of Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages.

Web entries should follow a similar format, and include a URL, DOI, or permalink.

• Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number, Name of institution/ Organization affiliated with the site (sponsor` or publisher), date of resource creation (if available), URL, DOI or permalink.

*An access date for an online work should generally be provided if the work lacks a publication date or if you suspect that the work has been altered or removed.*

• Give the instructor’s name. Then list the title of the course (or school catalog designation for the course) in italics. Give appropriate department and school names as well, following the course title.

• Department. School Name, Date of Publication, URL.

*An access date for an online work should generally be provided if the work lacks a publication date or if you suspect that the work has been altered or removed.*

• Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, Volume, Number, edition, page numbers, Database name, URL, DOI or permalink.

**You can usually omit ttp:// unless you want to hyperlink them and are working with a software program that doesn't allow hyperlinking without the protocol.

*An access date for an online work should generally be provided if the work lacks a publication date or if you suspect that the work has been altered or removed.*

• Country, Department, Sector. Title of Page. Publication Date, url.

Online Government Documents including bills, resolutions, and reports:

Provide the number and session of Congress, the chamber (Senate or House of Representatives), and the type and number of the publication.

*An access date for an online work should generally be provided if the work lacks a publication date or if you suspect that the work has been altered or removed.*

*An access date for an online work should generally be provided if the work lacks a publication date or if you suspect that the work has been altered or removed.*

• If the work is cited on the web only, then provide the name of the artist, the title of the work, and then follow the citation format for a website. If the work is posted via a username, use the username for the author.

If an author’s online handle differs from the account name, supply the handle in square brackets after the name.

When the handle and account are similar, you can omit the handle if you include the URL in your entry.

If you do not include the URL, retain the handle.

• “Title.” YouTube, uploaded by uploader’s name, Day Month Year, url without http://.

• Film. Directed by, Studio, Publication Year..

Point of No Return. Directed by John Badham, Warner Bros., 1993.

Edition of film:

Blade Runner. 1982. Director’s cut, Warner Bros., 1992.

• “Episode Title.”  Television show title, created by, season, episode, distributor, Year of Publication.

Podcasts:

Audiobooks: